网络请求和控制台消息捕获

Crawl4AI 可以捕获爬网期间的所有网络请求和浏览器控制台消息,这对于调试、安全分析或了解页面行为非常有价值。

配置

要启用网络和控制台捕获,请使用以下配置选项:

from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler, CrawlerRunConfig

# Enable both network request capture and console message capture
config = CrawlerRunConfig(
    capture_network_requests=True,  # Capture all network requests and responses
    capture_console_messages=True   # Capture all browser console output
)

示例用法

import asyncio
import json
from crawl4ai import AsyncWebCrawler, CrawlerRunConfig

async def main():
    # Enable both network request capture and console message capture
    config = CrawlerRunConfig(
        capture_network_requests=True,
        capture_console_messages=True
    )

    async with AsyncWebCrawler() as crawler:
        result = await crawler.arun(
            url="https://example.com",
            config=config
        )

        if result.success:
            # Analyze network requests
            if result.network_requests:
                print(f"Captured {len(result.network_requests)} network events")

                # Count request types
                request_count = len([r for r in result.network_requests if r.get("event_type") == "request"])
                response_count = len([r for r in result.network_requests if r.get("event_type") == "response"])
                failed_count = len([r for r in result.network_requests if r.get("event_type") == "request_failed"])

                print(f"Requests: {request_count}, Responses: {response_count}, Failed: {failed_count}")

                # Find API calls
                api_calls = [r for r in result.network_requests 
                            if r.get("event_type") == "request" and "api" in r.get("url", "")]
                if api_calls:
                    print(f"Detected {len(api_calls)} API calls:")
                    for call in api_calls[:3]:  # Show first 3
                        print(f"  - {call.get('method')} {call.get('url')}")

            # Analyze console messages
            if result.console_messages:
                print(f"Captured {len(result.console_messages)} console messages")

                # Group by type
                message_types = {}
                for msg in result.console_messages:
                    msg_type = msg.get("type", "unknown")
                    message_types[msg_type] = message_types.get(msg_type, 0) + 1

                print("Message types:", message_types)

                # Show errors (often the most important)
                errors = [msg for msg in result.console_messages if msg.get("type") == "error"]
                if errors:
                    print(f"Found {len(errors)} console errors:")
                    for err in errors[:2]:  # Show first 2
                        print(f"  - {err.get('text', '')[:100]}")

            # Export all captured data to a file for detailed analysis
            with open("network_capture.json", "w") as f:
                json.dump({
                    "url": result.url,
                    "network_requests": result.network_requests or [],
                    "console_messages": result.console_messages or []
                }, f, indent=2)

            print("Exported detailed capture data to network_capture.json")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(main())

捕获的数据结构

网络请求

result.network_requests包含一个字典列表,每个字典代表一个具有以下公共字段的网络事件:

场地 描述
event_type 活动类型:"request""response" , 或者"request_failed"
url 请求的 URL
timestamp 捕获事件时的 Unix 时间戳

请求事件字段

{
  "event_type": "request",
  "url": "https://example.com/api/data.json",
  "method": "GET",
  "headers": {"User-Agent": "...", "Accept": "..."},
  "post_data": "key=value&otherkey=value",
  "resource_type": "fetch",
  "is_navigation_request": false,
  "timestamp": 1633456789.123
}

响应事件字段

{
  "event_type": "response",
  "url": "https://example.com/api/data.json",
  "status": 200,
  "status_text": "OK",
  "headers": {"Content-Type": "application/json", "Cache-Control": "..."},
  "from_service_worker": false,
  "request_timing": {"requestTime": 1234.56, "receiveHeadersEnd": 1234.78},
  "timestamp": 1633456789.456
}

失败请求事件字段

{
  "event_type": "request_failed",
  "url": "https://example.com/missing.png",
  "method": "GET",
  "resource_type": "image",
  "failure_text": "net::ERR_ABORTED 404",
  "timestamp": 1633456789.789
}

控制台消息

result.console_messages包含一个字典列表,每个字典代表一个具有以下公共字段的控制台消息:

场地 描述
type 消息类型:"log""error""warning""info" , ETC。
text 消息文本
timestamp 捕获消息时的 Unix 时间戳

控制台消息示例

{
  "type": "error",
  "text": "Uncaught TypeError: Cannot read property 'length' of undefined",
  "location": "https://example.com/script.js:123:45",
  "timestamp": 1633456790.123
}

主要优点

  • 完整请求可见性:捕获所有网络活动,包括:
  • 请求(URL、方法、标头、发布数据)
  • 响应(状态代码、标题、时间)
  • 失败的请求(带有错误消息)
  • 控制台消息访问:查看所有 JavaScript 控制台输出:
  • 日志消息
  • 警告
  • 堆栈跟踪错误
  • 开发人员调试信息
  • 调试能力:识别以下问题:
  • API 调用或资源加载失败
  • 影响页面功能的 JavaScript 错误
  • CORS 或其他安全问题
  • 隐藏的 API 端点和数据流
  • 安全分析:检测:
  • 意外的第三方请求
  • 请求有效负载中的数据泄漏
  • 可疑脚本行为
  • 性能洞察:分析:
  • 请求时间数据
  • 资源加载模式
  • 潜在的瓶颈

用例

  1. API 发现:识别单页应用程序中的隐藏端点和数据流
  2. 调试:追踪影响页面功能的 JavaScript 错误
  3. 安全审计:检测不需要的第三方请求或数据泄露
  4. 性能分析:识别加载缓慢的资源
  5. 广告/跟踪器分析:检测并分类广告或跟踪电话

此功能对于具有大量 JavaScript、单页应用程序的复杂站点尤其有价值,或者当您需要了解浏览器和服务器之间发生的确切通信时。


> Feedback